Background: CD31, also known as platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 (PECAM-1), plays roles in leukocyte transmigration, angiogenesis, and integrin activation. Specifically, CD31 is highly expressed at endothelial cell-cell junctions, functioning as an adhesion protein to maintain endothelial cell junctional integrity and restore the vascular permeability barrier following inflammatory or thrombotic challenge. The expression of CD31 on endothelial cells makes it a useful marker of the vasculature within the tumor. CD31 can also be found on platelets, monocytes, and granulocytes.

Validation: Each lot of conjugated CD31 antibody is quality control tested by MIBIscope™ analysis of stained tissue microarrays using the appropriate positive and negative tissue field of views and are pathologist verified.

Recommended Usage: 1 uL of CD31 antibody per 100 uL staining volume using the MIBI™ Staining Protocol.
For optimal results, antibody should be titrated for each desired application.  Suggested starting range is 1:100.

MIBI technology: Learn more about MIBI™ Technology, a multiplex IHC technology with unmatched sensitivity and true subcellular resolution.

References

• Lertkiatmongkol P., Liao D., Mei H., Hu Y., Newman P.J. Endothelial functions of platelet/endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 (CD31). Curr Opin Hematol. 2016; 23(3):253-9.

* Conjugate tested on human tissue.